解放軍文職招聘考試面試技巧：結(jié)構(gòu)化面試之人際關(guān)系答題-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-06-20 22:59:08一、人際答題技巧人際答題技巧是經(jīng)過對歷年教師招聘面試真題的研究與分析總結(jié)出來的，對于廣大考生的作答具有一定的指導(dǎo)作用。下面為考生介紹人際答題的4個(gè)小技巧：1.梳理脈絡(luò)：遇到問題要能夠梳理清事情脈絡(luò)，找準(zhǔn)題目中設(shè)置的矛盾點(diǎn)。2.反思自我：反思自己在整個(gè)活動(dòng)中是否存在不恰當(dāng)?shù)胤剑槐匾`會(huì)。3.改正問題：當(dāng)找到問題的癥結(jié)，對癥下藥，并主動(dòng)承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤。二、技巧講解分析為了能夠讓考生更加深入地理解人際答題的技巧，并將之運(yùn)用于面試的作答中，將通過以下題目進(jìn)行詳細(xì)地講解與分析。對于這道題目而言，需要梳理的事情就是家長請我吃飯，而矛盾點(diǎn)就在于我是一名人民教師，而且教育部也曾下發(fā)了《嚴(yán)禁教師違規(guī)收受學(xué)生及家長禮品禮金等行為的規(guī)定》。所以，對此盛情邀請，教師需要有技巧性的婉拒對方，但是也要盡量照顧對方心情。因此，在考生作答邀請或請求類問題時(shí)，不僅要能夠梳理清題目設(shè)置的脈絡(luò)，同時(shí)也要找準(zhǔn)題目設(shè)置的矛盾點(diǎn)，從而明確自己的作答方向和角度。解析：家長因?yàn)樗饺饲楦姓埼页燥垼诮虒W(xué)活動(dòng)中可能會(huì)經(jīng)常遇到這種情況。對于類似情況的處理我會(huì)采取不傷害家長自尊心的基礎(chǔ)上婉拒對方。解析：家長要請我吃飯，可能是學(xué)生的成績比較好，家長出于對老師的感謝，希望能請老師吃頓飯;可能是教師在日常的工作過程中的方式方法不當(dāng)，而引起家長對我的誤會(huì);還可能是家長希望老師對孩子格外照顧等。解析：如果是家長希望老師對孩子格外照顧，為了給孩子 開小灶 而請客的。這時(shí)要跟家長好好溝通，向家長表明作為一名教師，我會(huì)公平對待每一個(gè)學(xué)生，對任何一個(gè)學(xué)生的特殊優(yōu)待都是對其他學(xué)生的不公平。對于學(xué)生的困難，無論是學(xué)習(xí)上的還是生活上的，我都會(huì)盡力幫助學(xué)生解決的，這是我的職責(zé)所在。家長有什么困難可以直接和我溝通，我能做到的一定盡力去做。如果在教學(xué)中有引起家長誤會(huì)的地方，希望家長及時(shí)指出，方便我改正。解析： 嚴(yán)禁接受學(xué)生家長的禮金及禮物 、 禁止教育系統(tǒng)廣大干部教職工參加家長組織的宴請活動(dòng) 等，是教育部實(shí)行多年的規(guī)定。作為教師，我必須遵守相關(guān)規(guī)定，我也會(huì)在平時(shí)教學(xué)中做好和家長的溝通，讓家長配合自己的工作。
解放軍文職招聘考試2010年12月英語四級(jí)聽力真題(試題+原文+答案)-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
解放軍文職招聘考試2010年12月英語四級(jí)聽力真題(試題+原文+答案)發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-06-18 17:51:492010年12月英語四級(jí)聽力真題(試題+原文+答案)一、聽力試題Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A（對話部分）[A] The man should visit the museums.[B] She can t stand the hot weather.[C] The beach resort is a good[D] She enjoys staying in Washington.[A] Her new responsibilities in the company.[B] What her job prospects are.[C] What the customers feedback is.[D] The director s opinion of her work.[A] Combine her training with dieting.[B] Repeat the training every three days.[C] Avoid excessive physical training.[D] Include weightlifting in the program.[A] When she will return home.[B] Whether she can go by herself.[C] Whether she can travel by air.[D] When she will completely recover.[A] The woman knows how to deal with the police.[B] The woman had been fined many times before.[C] The woman had violated traffic regulations.[D] The woman is good at finding excuses.[A] Switch off the refrigerator for a while.[B] Have someone repair the refrigerator.[C] Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.[D] Buy a refrigerator of better quality.[A] He owns a piece of land in the downtown area.[B] He has got enough money to buy a house.[C] He can finally do what he has dreamed of.[D] He is moving into a bigger apartment.[A] She is black and blue all over.[B] She has to go to see a doctor.[C] She stayed away from work for a few days.[D] She got hurt in an accident yesterday.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.[A] She was a bank manager.[B] She was a victim of the robbery.[C] She was a defence lawyer.[D] She was a witness to the crime.[A] A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.[B] A youth with a distinguishing mark on his face.[C] A thirty-year-old guy wearing a light sweater.[D] A medium-sized young man carrying a gun.[A] Identify the suspect from pictures.[B] Go upstairs to sign some document.[C] Have her photo taken for their files.[D] Verify the record of what she had said.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.[A] By reading a newspaper ad.[B] By seeing a commercial on TV.[C] By listening to the morning news.[D] By calling an employment service.[A] She could improve her foreign languages.[B] She could work close to her family.[C] She could travel overseas frequently.[D] She could use her previous experiences.[A] Taking management courses. [C] Working as a secretary.[B] Teaching English at a university.[C] Working as a secretary.[D] Studying for a degree in French.[A] Prepare for an interview in a couple of days.[B] Read the advertisement again for more details.[C] Send in a written application as soon as possible.[D] Get to know the candidates on the short list.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.[A] They cannot see the firefighters because of the smoke.[B] They do not realize the danger they are in.[C] They cannot hear the firefighters for the noise.[D] They mistake the firefighters for monsters.[A] He travels all over America to help put out fires.[B] He often teaches children what to do during a fire.[C] He teaches Spanish in a San Francisco community.[D] He provides oxygen masks to children free of charge.[A] He saved the life of his brother choking on food.[B] He rescued a student from a big fire.[C] He is very good at public speaking.[D] He gives informative talks to young children.[A] Firefighters play an important role in America.[B] Kids should learn not to be afraid of monsters.[C] Carelessness can result in tragedies.[D] Informative speeches can save lives.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.[A] To satisfy the needs of their family.[B] To fully realize their potential.[C] To make money for early retirement.[D] To gain a sense of their personal worth.[A] They may have to continue to work in old age.[B] They may regret the time they wasted.[C] They may have nobody to depend on in the future.[D] They may have fewer job opportunities.[A] Making wise use of your time.[B] Enjoying yourself while you can.[C] Saving as much as you can.[D] Working hard and playing hard.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.[A] Hardworking students being accused of cheating.[B] Boy students being often treated as law-breakers.[C] Innocent people being suspected groundlessly.[D] Junior employees being made to work overtime.[A] Forbidding students to take food out of the restaurant.[B] Requesting customers to pay before taking the food.[C] Asking customers to leave their bags on the counters.[D] Allowing only two students to enter at a time.[A] He was taken to the manager.[B] He was closely watched.[C] He was asked to leave.[D] He was overcharged.Section CWriting keeps us in touch with other people. We write to communicate with relatives and friends. We write to (36) _____________ our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and (37) _____________their heritage (傳統(tǒng)). With computers and Internet connections in so many (38) _____________, colleges, business, people e-mailing friends and relatives all the time or talking to them in writing in online (39) _____________ rooms. It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more (40) _____________ than waiting until Sunday for the telephone (41) _____________ to drop. Students are e-mailing their professors to (42) _____________ and discuss their classroom assignments and to (43) _____________ them. They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate (合作) on homework. (44) __________________________________________________.Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter. (45) ____________________________________. No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, I want you to know that I care about you. (46) ____________________________, but only in the success of human relationships. .(原文與答案請往下拉)三、聽力原文Section A短對話 (11~18)M: Oh my god! The heat is simply unbearable here. I wish we ve gone to the beach instead.W: Well, with the museums and restaurants in Washington I ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.Q：What does the woman mean?M: How s the new job going?W: Well, I m learning a lot of new things, but I wish the director would give me some feedback.Q：What does the woman want to know?M: Can you help me work out a physical training program John?W: Sure, but whatever you do be careful not to overdo it. Last time I had two weeks worth of weight-lifting in three days and I hurt myself.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?M: I have an elderly mother and I m worried about her going on a plane. Is there any risk?W: Not if her heart is all right. If she has a heart condition, I d recommend against it.Q: What does the man want to know about his mother?M: Why didn t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads?W: Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded. Anyway, do I have to pay a fine?Q: what do we learn from the conversation?M: I m no expert, but that noise in your refrigerator doesn t sound right. Maybe you should have it fixed.W: You re right. And I suppose I ve put it off long enough.Q: What will the woman probably do?M: I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown apartment. Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I ve had my eye on and build a house on it.W: Congratulations！Does that mean you ll be moving soon?Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?W: My hand still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday. I wonder if I broke something.M: I m no doctor, but it s not black and blue or anything. Maybe you just need to rest it for a few days.Q: what do we learn about the woman from the conversation?長對話 （19~21）M: Mrs. Dawson, thanks very much for coming down to the station. I just like to go over some of the things that you told police officer Parmer at the bank.W: All right.M: Well, could you describe the man who robbed the bank for this report that we re filling out here? Now, anything at all that you can remember would be extremely helpful to us.W: Well, just, I can only remember basically what I said before.M: That s all right.W: The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.M: Very good. All right, did he have any other distinguishing marks?W: Um, no, none that I can remember.M: Do you remember how old he was by any chance?W: Well, I guess around 30, maybe younger, give or take a few years.M: Mm, all right. Do you remember anything about what he was wearing?W: Yes, yes, he had on a dark sweater, a solid color.M: OK. Um, anything else that strikes you at the moment?W: I remember he was wearing a light shirt under the sweater. Yes, yes.M: All right. Mrs. Dawson, I really appreciate what you ve been through today. I m just going to ask you to look at some photographs before you leave if you don t mind. It won t take very long. Can you do that for me?W: Oh, of course.M: Would you like to step this way with me, please?W: OK, sure.M: Thank you.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What do we learn about the woman?20. What did the suspect look like?21. What did the man finally asked the woman to do?長對話 （22~25）W: Good morning, I m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.M: Well, could you tell me your name?W: Candider Forsett.M: Oh yes. What exactly is it that interests you about the job?W: Well, I thought it was just right for me.M: Really? Um Could you tell me a little about yourself?W: Yes. I m 23. I ve been working abroad.M: Where exactly have you been working?W: In Geneva.M: Oh, Geneva. And what were you doing there?W: Secretarial work. Previous to that, I was at university.M: Which university was that?W: The University of Manchester. I ve got a degree in English.M: You said you ve been working in Geneva. Do you have any special reason for wanting to come back?W: I thought it would be nice to be near to the family.M: I see, and how do you see yourself developing in this job?W: Well, I m ambitious. I do hope that my career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management.M: I see. You have foreign languages?W: French and Italian.M: Well, I think the best thing for you to do is do reply a writing to the advertisement.W: Can t I arrange for an interview now?M: Well, I m afraid we must wait until all the applications are in, in writing, and we ll then decide on the short list. If you are on the short list, of course we should see you.W: Oh, I see.M: I look forward to receiving your application in writing in a day or two.W: Oh, yes, yes, certainly.M: Ok, thank you very much. Goodbye.W: Thank you. Goodbye.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy?23. Why did the woman find the job appealing?24. What had the woman been doing in Geneva?25. What was the woman asked to do in the end?Section BPassage OneOne of the greatest heartbreaks for fire fighters occurs when they fail to rescue a child from a burning building because the child, frightened by smoke and noise, hides under a bed or in a closet and is later found dead. Saddest of all is when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster. To prevent such tragedies, fire fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they should never hide during a fire. He displays fire fighters equipment, including the oxygen mask, which he encourages his listeners to play with and put on. If you see us, Velez tells them, don t hide! We are not monsters. We have come to rescue you. Velez gives his presentations in English and Spanish. Growing up in San Francisco, he learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents. Velez and other fire fighters throughout North America, who give similar presentations, will never know how many lives they save through their talks. But it s a fact that informative speaking saves lives. For example, several months after listening to an informative speech, Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food, by using the method taught by student speaker, Julie Paris. In addition to saving lives, informative speakers help people learn new skills, solve problems and acquire fascinating facts about the exciting world in which they live.26 Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters?27 What does the passage tell us about fire fighter Eric Velez?28 What do we learn about Pete Gentry?29 What message is the speaker trying to convey?Passage TwoSome people want to make and save a lot of money in order to retire early. I see people pursuing higher paying and increasingly demanding careers to accomplish this goal. They make many personal sacrifices in exchange for income today. The problem is that tomorrow might not come. Even if it all goes according to plan, will you know how to be happy when you are not working if you spend your entire life making money? More importantly, who will be around for you to share your leisure time with? At the other extreme are people who live only for today. Why bother saving when I might not be here tomorrow, they argue. The danger of this approach is that tomorrow may come after all. And most people don t want to spend all their tomorrows working for a living. The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older. You maybe surprise to hear me say that if you must pick an extreme I think it s better to pick the spend-all approach. As long as you don t mind continuing to work, assuming your health allows, you should be OK. At least, you are making use of your money, and hopefully deriving value and pleasure from it. Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake. It may never come. Retirement can be a great time for some people. For others, it is a time of boredom, loneliness and poor health.30 Why do some people pursue higher paying but demanding careers?31 What is the danger facing people who live only for today?32 What does the speaker seem to advocate?Passage ThreeImagine that someone in your neighborhood broke the law, and the judge put the whole neighborhood under suspicion. How fair will that be? Well, it happens everyday to high schoolers. Just because some students have stolen things in shops, all of us are treated like thieves. Even though I d never steal.Store employees looked at me like I m some kind of hardened criminal. For example, during one lunch period, my friend Denny and I went to the Graben Gore Restaurant to have a hot dog. We arrived to find a line of students waiting outside. A new sign in the window told the story. No more than two students at a time . After 15 minutes, we finally got in. But the store manger laid the evil eye on us. I asked him about the new sign, and he said, You kids are stealing too much stuff. You kids? Too much stuff? We were not only assumed to be thieves, but brilliant, greedy thieves. The most annoying thing though, is the way employees watched my friends and me. It s horrible.Once, at a drug store, I was looking around and found a guy standing on a large box, stocking the shelves. He was watching my hands, more than he was watching his own. I showed him that my hands were empty. He got down off his box and rushed off, as if he was going to get the store manger. How crazy is that!33. What does the speaker find to be unfair?34. What measure did the Graben Gore Restaurant take to stop stealing?35. What happened in a drug store that greatly annoyed the speaker?Section CWriting keeps us in touch with other people. We write to communicate with relatives and friends. We write to preserve our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and appreciate their heritage. With computers and Internet connections in so many households, colleges, and businesses, people are e-mailing friends and relatives all the time or talking to them in writing in online chat rooms. It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more convenient than waiting until Sunday for the telephone rates to drop. Students are e-mailing their professors to receive and discuss their classroom assignments and to submit them. They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate on homework. They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life.Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter. A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts. No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, I want you to know that I care about you. This writing practice brings rewards that can t be seen in bank accounts, but only in the success of human relationships.四、聽力答案每天15分鐘英語聽力ID：shrj520小伙伴關(guān)注了之后，聽力變成送分題▲微信掃描以上二維碼Section A短對話（11~18）答案及解析：11. 答案：D解析：Woman最后說到I ll be happy here no matter what the temperature. 這表明了她待在這里很愉快，很享受待在華盛頓，故選D。12. 答案：D解析：Woman說到but I wish the director would give me some feedback. 這表明了她希望得到director的意見（即反饋），故選D。13.答案：C解析：Man以自己上次因運(yùn)動(dòng)（舉重）過量而受傷為例，建議女士應(yīng)該量力而行，避免過量運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選C。14. 答案：C解析：Man開頭就說到I m worried about her going on a plane. 從中可知，他擔(dān)心的是年老的母親能不能乘飛機(jī)，故選C。15.答案：C解析：警察開頭問到 Why didn t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? 通過這句話就可以知道女士沒有遵守交通規(guī)則，故選C。16.答案：B解析：Man說到 Maybe you should have it fixed，女士回答到Y(jié)ou re right.這說明女士也同意男士的看法，但并未提到讓這個(gè)男士來修，故選B。17.答案：C解析：Man第二句話說到Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I ve had my eye on and build a house on it. 表明他能實(shí)現(xiàn)買地建房的理想了，故選C。18.答案：D解析：Woman說的第一句話是My hands still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.從中可知這位女士昨天在冰上滑倒受傷了，但是男士認(rèn)為傷勢并不嚴(yán)重，只建議她休養(yǎng)幾天就可以了，不必去看醫(yī)生。C是較強(qiáng)的干擾項(xiàng)，應(yīng)該是女士現(xiàn)在需要休息而不是過去已經(jīng)休息了幾天，故選D。長對話（19~25）答案及解析：19. What do we learn about the woman?答案：D) She was a witness to the crime.解析：文中男士需要女士描述一下?lián)尳巽y行的人（describe the man who robbed the bank）。選項(xiàng)中B提到了robbery，但是對話中沒有說明女士是受害者（victim）；D選項(xiàng)提到了她目擊了某個(gè)犯罪經(jīng)過，robbery顯然是crime的一種。20. What did the suspect look like?答案：A) A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.解析：原文中提到The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.，對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A。21. What did the man finally asked the woman to do?答案：A) Identify the suspect from pictures.解析：對話結(jié)尾處，男士要求女士look at some photographs，很顯然，他的目的是讓女士通過照片來辨別嫌疑人。因此選擇A。22. How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy?答案：A) By reading a newspaper ad.解析： job vacancy指空缺的職位。在對話一開始，女士就說到她的目的：I m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.從這句話中可以看出她得知職位信息的來源是the paper last night，對應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)。23. Why did the woman find the job appealing?答案：B) She could work close to her family.解析：本題關(guān)鍵詞是appealing，意為引起興趣的。女士提到她喜歡這份工作的原因是be near to the family.，close是near的同義替換詞，因此選擇B選項(xiàng)。24. What had the woman been doing in Geneva?答案：C) Working as a secretary.解析：女士提到她在日內(nèi)瓦做了一些secretarial work，也就是選項(xiàng)C中的secretary。雖然她也提到之前在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，但是她取得的學(xué)位是a degree in English，而非選項(xiàng)D中的a degree in French.25. What was the woman asked to do in the end?答案：C) Send in a written application as soon as possible.解析：對話中女士希望得到面試機(jī)會(huì)，但是男士要求先要遞交書面申請（reply a writing to the advertisement），并不是所有人都能得到面試機(jī)會(huì)，因此選擇答案C。Section BPassage One26. D) They mistake the firefighters for monsters.解析：細(xì)節(jié)題，從開始when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster一句中便可得出因?yàn)椴皇煜は廊藛T戴面具的形象，孩子們以為來救援的消防人員是怪獸，所以躲起來。所以選D。其他選項(xiàng)文中都沒有涉及到。27. B) He often teaches children what to do during a fire.28. A) He saved the life of his brother choking on food.29. D) Informative speeches can save lives.Passage Two30. C) To make money for early retirement.解析：本題考察原因，問為什么人們喜歡比較苛求但收入較高的工作，其實(shí)聽力一開始就用in order to 給出了原因，即：retire early，所以選C項(xiàng)。31. A) They may have to continue to work in old age.解析：本題考察后果，問只為當(dāng)下而活的人面臨著什么危險(xiǎn)，從 The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older. 中可以看出A是正確選項(xiàng)，及在年老時(shí)有可能不得不繼續(xù)工作。32. B) Enjoying yourself while you can.Passage Three33. C) Innocent people being suspected groundlessly。34. D) Allowing only two students to enter at a time。第一個(gè)小故事中的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵句后面緊跟答案。該關(guān)鍵句為， A new sign in the window told the story.而這個(gè)sign的內(nèi)容就是緊隨其后的 No more than two students at a time .35. B) He was closely watched.此題需要自己稍作總結(jié)，最后一個(gè)小故事說到文中的 我 去藥店，卻一直被盯著；此事讓 我 很是不滿。Section C36. preserve37. appreciate38. households39. chat40. convenient41. rates42. receive43. submit44. They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life.45. A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts.46. This writing practice brings rewards that can t be seen in bank accounts
解放軍文職招聘考試2010年12月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-06-10 21:30:152010年12月大學(xué)英語六級(jí)考試真題Part I Writing (30 minutes)Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My Views on University Ranking. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 目前高校排名相當(dāng)盛行;2. 對于這種做法人們看法不一;3. 在我看來My Views on University RankingPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Into the UnknownThe world has never seen population ageing before. Can it cope?Until the early 1990s nobody much thought about whole populations getting older. The UN had the foresight to convene a world assembly on ageing back in 1982, but that came and went. By 1994 the World Bank had noticed that something big was happening. In a report entitled Averting the Old Age Crisis , it argued that pension arrangements in most countries were unsustainable.For the next ten years a succession of books, mainly by Americans, sounded the alarm. They had titles like Young vs Old, Gray Dawn and The Coming Generational Storm, and their message was blunt: health-care systems were heading for the rocks, pensioners were taking young people to the cleaners, and soon there would be intergenerational warfare.Since then the debate has become less emotional, not least because a lot more is known about the subject. Books, conferences and research papers have multiplied. International organisations such as the OECD and the EU issue regular reports. Population ageing is on every agenda, from G8 economic conferences to NATO summits. The World Economic Forum plans to consider the future of pensions and health care at its prestigious Davos conference early next year. The media, including this newspaper, are giving the subject extensive coverage.Whether all that attention has translated into sufficient action is another question. Governments in rich countries now accept that their pension and health-care promises will soon become unaffordable, and many of them have embarked on reforms, but so far only timidly. That is not surprising: politicians with an eye on the next election will hardly rush to introduce unpopular measures that may not bear fruit for years, perhaps decades.The outline of the changes needed is clear. To avoid fiscal (財(cái)政) meltdown, public pensions and health-care provision will have to be reined back severely and taxes may have to go up. By far the most effective method to restrain pension spending is to give people the opportunity to work longer, because it increases tax revenues and reduces spending on pensions at the same time. It may even keep them alive longer. John Rother, the AARP s head of policy and strategy, points to studies showing that other things being equal, people who remain at work have lower death rates than their retired peers.Younger people today mostly accept that they will have to work for longer and that their pensions will be less generous. Employers still need to be persuaded that older workers are worth holding on to. That may be because they have had plenty of younger ones to choose from, partly thanks to the post-war baby-boom and partly because over the past few decades many more women have entered the labour force, increasing employers choice. But the reservoir of women able and willing to take up paid work is running low, and the baby-boomers are going grey.In many countries immigrants have been filling such gaps in the labour force as have already emerged (and remember that the real shortage is still around ten years off). Immigration in the developed world is the highest it has ever been, and it is making a useful difference. In still-fertile America it currently accounts for about 40% of total population growth, and in fast-ageing western Europe for about 90%.On the face of it, it seems the perfect solution. Many developing countries have lots of young people in need of jobs; many rich countries need helping hands that will boost tax revenues and keep up economic growth. But over the next few decades labour forces in rich countries are set to shrink so much that inflows of immigrants would have to increase enormously to compensate: to at least twice their current size in western Europe s most youthful countries, and three times in the older ones. Japan would need a large multiple of the few immigrants it has at present. Public opinion polls show that people in most rich countries already think that immigration is too high. Further big increases would be politically unfeasible.To tackle the problem of ageing populations at its root, old countries would have to rejuvenate (使年輕) themselves by having more of their own children. A number of them have tried, some more successfully than others. But it is not a simple matter of offering financial incentives or providing more child care. Modern urban life in rich countries is not well adapted to large families. Women find it hard to combine family and career. They often compromise by having just one child.And if fertility in ageing countries does not pick up? It will not be the end of the world, at least not for quite a while yet, but the world will slowly become a different place. Older societies may be less innovative and more strongly disinclined to take risks than younger ones. By 2025 at the latest, about half the voters in America and most of those in western European countries will be over 50 and older people turn out to vote in much greater number than younger ones. Academic studies have found no evidence so far that older voters have used their power at the ballot box to push for policies that specifically benefit them, though if in future there are many more of them they might start doing so.Nor is there any sign of the intergenerational warfare predicted in the 1990s. After all, older people themselves mostly have families. In a recent study of parents and grown-up children in 11 European countries, Karsten Hank of Mannheim University found that 85% of them lived within 25km of each other and the majority of them were in touch at least once a week.Even so, the shift in the centre of gravity to older age groups is bound to have a profound effect on societies, not just economically and politically but in all sorts of other ways too. Richard Jackson and Neil Howe of America s CSIS, in a thoughtful book called The Graying of the Great Powers, argue that, among other things, the ageing of the developed countries will have a number of serious security implications.For example, the shortage of young adults is likely to make countries more reluctant to commit the few they have to military service. In the decades to 2050, America will find itself playing an ever-increasing role in the developed world s defence effort. Because America s population will still be growing when that of most other developed countries is shrinking, America will be the only developed country that still matters geopolitically (地緣政治上).Ask me in 2020There is little that can be done to stop population ageing, so the world will have to live with it. But some of the consequences can be alleviated. Many experts now believe that given the right policies, the effects, though grave, need not be catastrophic. Most countries have recognised the need to do something and are beginning to act.But even then there is no guarantee that their efforts will work. What is happening now is historically unprecedented. Ronald Lee, director of the Centre on the Economics and Demography of Ageing at the University of California, Berkeley, puts it briefly and clearly: We don t really know what population ageing will be like, because nobody has done it yet.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。1. In its 1994 report, the World Bank argued that the current pension system in most countries could ______.[A] not be sustained in the long term[B] further accelerate the ageing process[C] hardly halt the growth of population[D] help tide over the current ageing crisis2. What message is conveyed in books like Young vs Old?[A] The generation gap is bound to narrow.[B] Intergenerational conflicts will intensify.[C] The younger generation will beat the old.[D] Old people should give way to the young.3. One reason why pension and health care reforms are slow in coming is that ______.[A] nobody is willing to sacrifice their own interests to tackle the problem[B] most people are against measures that will not bear fruit immediately[C] the proposed reforms will affect too many people s interests[D] politicians are afraid of losing votes in the next election4. The author believes the most effective method to solve the pension crisis is to ______.[A] allow people to work longer [C] cut back on health care provisions[B] increase tax revenues [D] start reforms right away5. The reason why employers are unwilling to keep older workers is that ______.[A] they are generally difficult to manage[B] the longer they work, the higher their pension[C] their pay is higher than that of younger ones[D] younger workers are readily available6. To compensate for the fast-shrinking labour force, Japan would need ______.[A] to revise its current population control policy[B] large numbers of immigrants from overseas[C] to automate its manufacturing and service industries[D] a politically feasible policy concerning population7. Why do many women in rich countries compromise by having only one child?[A] Small families are becoming more fashionable.[B] They find it hard to balance career and family.[C] It is too expensive to support a large family.[D] Child care is too big a problem for them.8. Compared with younger ones, older societies are less inclined to ______________________________.9. The predicted intergenerational warfare is unlikely because most of the older people themselves _________________________.10. Countries that have a shortage of young adults will be less willing to commit them to ____________________________. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意： 此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。11. [A] The man is the manager of the apartment building.[B] The woman is very good at bargaining.[C] The woman will get the apartment refurnished.[D] The man is looking for an apartment.12. [A] How the pictures will turn out. [C] What the man thinks of the shots.[B] Where the botanical garden is. [D] Why the pictures are not ready.13. [A] There is no replacement for the handle.[B] There is no match for the suitcase.[C] The suitcase is not worth fixing.[D] The suitcase can be fixed in time.14. [A] He needs a vehicle to be used in harsh weather.[B] He has a fairly large collection of quality trucks.[C] He has had his truck adapted for cold temperatures.[D] He does routine truck maintenance for the woman.15. [A] She cannot stand her boss s bad temper.[B] She has often been criticized by her boss.[C] She has made up her mind to resign.[D] She never regrets any decisions she makes.16. [A] Look for a shirt of a more suitable color and size.[B] Replace the shirt with one of some other material.[C] Visit a different store for a silk or cotton shirt.[D] Get a discount on the shirt she is going to buy.17. [A] At a Lost and Found . [C] At a trade fair.[B] At a reception desk. [D] At an exhibition.18. [A] Repair it and move in. [C] Convert it into a hotel.[B] Pass it on to his grandson. [D] Sell it for a good price.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A] Unique descriptive skills. [C] Colourful world experiences.[B] Good knowledge of readers tastes. [D] Careful plotting and clueing.20. [A] A peaceful setting. [C] To be in the right mood.[B] A spacious room. [D] To be entirely alone.21. [A] They rely heavily on their own imagination.[B] They have experiences similar to the characters .[C] They look at the world in a detached manner.[D] They are overwhelmed by their own prejudices.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. [A] Good or bad, they are there to stay.[B] Like it or not, you have to use them.[C] Believe it or not, they have survived.[D] Gain or lose, they should be modernised.23. [A] The frequent train delays. [C]The food sold on the trains.[B] The high train ticket fares. [D] The monopoly of British Railways.24. [A] The low efficiency of their operation.[B] Competition from other modes of transport.[C] Constant complaints from passengers.[D] The passing of the new transport act.25. [A] They will be de-nationalised. [C] They are fast disappearing.[B] They provide worse service. [D] They lose a lot of money.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意： 此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. [A] The whole Antarctic region will be submerged.[B] Some polar animals will soon become extinct.[C] Many coastal cities will be covered with water.[D] The earth will experience extreme weathers.27. [A] How humans are to cope with global warming.[B] How unstable the West Antarctic ice sheet is.[C] How vulnerable the coastal cities are.[D] How polar ice impacts global weather.28. [A] It collapsed at least once in the past 1.3 million years.[B] It sits firmly on solid rock at the bottom of the ocean.[C] It melted at temperatures a bit higher than those of today.[D] It will have little impact on sea level when it breaks up.29. [A] The West Antarctic region was once an open ocean.[B] The West Antarctic ice sheet was about 7,000 feet thick.[C] The West Antarctic ice sheet was once floating ice.[D] The West Antarctic region used to be warmer than today.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. [A] Whether we can develop social ties on the Internet.[B] Whether a deleted photo is immediately removed from the web.[C] Whether our blogs can be renewed daily.[D] Whether we can set up our own websites.31. [A] The number of visits they receive. [C] The files they have collected.[B] The way they store data. [D] The means they use to get information.32. [A] When the system is down. [C] When the URL is reused.[B] When new links are set up. [D] When the server is restarted.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. [A] Some iced coffees have as many calories as a hot dinner.[B] Iced coffees sold by some popular chains are contaminated.[C] Drinking coffee after a meal is more likely to cause obesity.[D] Some brand-name coffees contain harmful substances.34. [A] Have some fresh fruit. [C] Take a hot shower.[B] Exercise at the gym. [D] Eat a hot dinner.35. [A] They could enjoy a happier family life.[B] They could greatly improve their work efficiency.[C] Many cancer cases could be prevented.[D] Many embarrassing situations could be avoided.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分試題在答題卡2上作答。Psychologists are finding that hope plays a surprisingly vital role in giving people a measurable advantage in realms as (36) _____________ as academic achievement, bearing up in tough jobs and coping with (37) ______________ illness. And, by contrast, the loss of hope is turning out to be a stronger sign that a person may (38) ______________ suicide than other factors long thought to be more likely risks.Hope has proven a powerful predictor of (39) ______________ in every study we ve done so far, said Dr. Charles R. Snyder, a psychologist who has devised a (40) ______________ to assess how much hope a person has.For example, in research with 3,920 college students, Dr. Snyder and his (41) ______________ found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first semester was a more (42) ______________ predictor of their college grades than were their S.A.T. scores or their grade point (43) ______________ in high school, the two measures most commonly used to predict college performance.(44) ___________________________________________________________________________________________, Dr. Snyder said. When you compare students of equivalent intelligence and past academic achievements, what sets them apart is hope.In devising a way to assess hope scientifically, Dr. Snyder (45)_______________________________________________________. That notion is not concrete enough, and it blurs two key components of hope, Dr. Snyder said. (46) _____________________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Most young boys are trained to believe that men should be strong, tough, cool, and detached. Thus, they learn early to hide vulnerable emotions such as love, joy, and sadness because they believe that such feelings are feminine and imply weakness. Over time, some men become strangers to their own emotional lives. It seems that men with traditional views of masculinity are more likely to suppress outward emotions and to fear emotions, supposedly because such feelings may lead to a loss of composure (鎮(zhèn)定). Keep in mind, however, that this view is challenged by some researchers. As with many gender gaps, differences in emotionality tend to be small, inconsistent, and dependent on the situation. For instance, Robertson and colleagues found that males who were more traditionally masculine were more emotionally expressive in a structured exercise than when they were simply asked to talk about their emotions.Males difficulty with tender emotions has serious consequences. First, suppressed emotions can contribute to stress-related disorders. And worse, men are less likely than women to seek help from health professionals. Second, men s emotional inexpressiveness can cause problems in their relationships with partners and children. For example, men who endorse traditional masculine norms report lower relationship satisfaction, as do their female partners. Further, children whose fathers are warm, loving, and accepting toward them have higher self-esteem and lower rates of aggression and behavior problems. On a positive note, fathers are increasingly involving themselves with their children. And 30 percent of fathers report that they take equal or greater responsibility for their children than their working wives do.One emotion males are allowed to express is anger. Sometimes this anger translates into physical aggression or violence. Men commit nearly 90 percent of violent crimes in the United States and almost all sexual assaults.注意： 此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。47. Most young boys have been trained to believe that men who show tender feelings are considered to be ______________.48. Some men believe that if they expressed their emotions openly they might ______________.49. According to the author, men who suppress their emotions may develop ______________.50. Men who observe traditional masculine norms are said to derive less satisfaction from ______________.51. When males get angry, they can become ______________ or even commit violence.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.In the early 20th century, few things were more appealing than the promise of scientific knowledge. In a world struggling with rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem. Newly created state colleges and universities devoted themselves almost entirely to scientific, technological, and engineering fields. Many Americans came to believe that scientific certainty could not only solve scientific problems, but also reform politics, government, and business. Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. After World War Ⅱ, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. American scholars fanned out across much of the world with support from the Ford Foundation, the Fulbright program, etc. to promote the teaching of literature and the arts in an effort to make the case for democratic freedoms.In the America of our own time, the great educational challenge has become an effort to strengthen the teaching of what is now known as the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math). There is considerable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines. India, China, Japan, and other regions seem to be seizing technological leadership.At the same time, perhaps inevitably, the humanities while still popular in elite colleges and universities have experienced a significant decline. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves. Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members at most institutions and are often lightly regarded because they do not generate grant income and because they provide no obvious credentials (資質(zhì)) for most nonacademic careers.Undoubtedly American education should train more scientists and engineers. Much of the concern among politicians about the state of American universities today is focused on the absence of real world education which means preparation for professional and scientific careers. But the idea that institutions or their students must decide between humanities and science is false. Our society could not survive without scientific and technological knowledge. But we would be equally impoverished (貧困的) without humanistic knowledge as well. Science and technology teach us what we can do. Humanistic thinking helps us understand what we should do.It is almost impossible to imagine our society without thinking of the extraordinary achievements of scientists and engineers in building our complicated world. But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. We have always needed, and we still need, both.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。52. In the early 20th century Americans believed science and technology could _______.[A] solve virtually all existing problems [C] help raise people s living standards[B] quicken the pace of industrialization [D] promote the nation s social progress53. Why did many American scholars become enthusiastic about humanistic studies after World WarⅡ?[A] They wanted to improve their own status within the current education system.[B] They believed the stability of a society depended heavily on humanistic studies.[C] They could get financial support from various foundations for humanistic studies.[D] They realized science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world.54. Why are American scholars worried about education today?[A] The STEM subjects are too challenging for students to learn.[B] Some Asian countries have overtaken America in basic sciences.[C] America is lagging behind in the STEM disciplines.[D] There are not enough scholars in humanistic studies.55. What accounts for the significant decline in humanistic studies today?[A] Insufficient funding. [C] Shortage of devoted faculty.[B] Shrinking enrollment. [D] Dim prospects for graduates.56. Why does the author attach so much importance to humanistic studies?[A] They promote the development of science and technology.[B] They help prepare students for their professional careers.[C] Humanistic thinking helps define our culture and values.[D] Humanistic thinking helps cultivate students creativity.Passage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton.Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn t been born yet, or is a baby now. That s because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved.But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon.For one thing, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein s day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare.Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein s training that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read as a teenager Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn t long before he became a philosopher himself.The independence created by philosophical insight is in my opinion the mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after truth, Einstein wrote in 1944.And he was an accomplished musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem.Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical and rewarding efforts.Maybe there is an Einstein out there today, said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene, but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard.Especially considering what Einstein was proposing.The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea! Greene said at a recent gathering at the Aspen Institute. It takes a certain type of person who will bang his head against the wall because you believe you ll find the solution.Perhaps the best examples are the five scientific papers Einstein wrote in his miracle year of 1905. These thought experiments were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations.What might happen to such a submission today?We all get papers like those in the mail, Greene said. We put them in the junk file.注意： 此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。57. What do scientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs?[A] Einstein pushed mathematics almost to its limits.[B] It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory.[C] No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years.[D] It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges.58. What was critical to Einstein s success?[A] His talent as an accomplished musician.[B] His independent and abstract thinking.[C] His untiring effort to fulfill his potential.[D] His solid foundation in math theory.59. What does the author tell us about physicists today?[A] They tend to neglect training in analytical skills.[B] They are very good at solving practical problems.[C] They attach great importance to publishing academic papers.[D] They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits.60. What does Brian Greene imply by saying ... it would be a lot harder for him to be heard (Lines 1-2, Para. 9)?[A] People have to compete in order to get their papers published.[B] It is hard for a scientist to have his papers published today.[C] Papers like Einstein s would unlikely get published today.[D] Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories.61. When he submitted his papers in 1905, Einstein _______.[A] forgot to make footnotes and citations[B] was little known in academic circles[C] was known as a young genius in math calculations[D] knew nothing about the format of academic papersPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。America s most popular newspaper website today announced that the era of free online journalism is drawing to a close. The New York Times has become the biggest publisher yet to 62 plans for a paywall around its digital offering, 63 the accepted practice that internet users will not pay for news.Struggling 64 an evaporation of advertising and a downward drift in street corner sales, The New York Times 65 to introduce a metered model at the beginning of 2011. Readers will be required to pay when they have 66 a set number of its online articles per month.The decision puts the 159-year-old newspaper 67 the charging side of an increasingly wide chasm (鴻溝) in the media industry. But others, including the Guardian, have said they will not 68 internet readers, and certain papers, 69 London s Evening Standard, have gone further in abandoning readership revenue by making their print editions 70 .The New York Times s publisher, Arthur Sulzberger, 71 that the move is a gamble: This is a 72 , to a certain degree, in where we think the web is going.Boasting a print 73 of 995,000 on weekdays and 1.4 million on Sundays, The New York Times is the third bestselling American newspaper, 74 the Wall Street Journal and USA Today. 75 most US papers focus on a single city, The New York Times is among the few that can 76 national scope as well as 16 bureaus in the New York area, it has 11 offices around the US and 77 26 bureaus elsewhere in the world.But 78 many in the publishing industry, the paper is in the grip of a 79 financial crisis. Its parent company, the New York Times Company, has 15 papers, but 80 a loss of $70 million in the nine months to September and recently accepted a $250 million 81 from a Mexican billionaire, Carlos Slim, to strengthen its balance sheet.62. [A] set in [C] carry over[B] set out [D] carry away63. [A] abusing [C] developing[B] deducting [D] abandoning64. [A] with [C] along[B] beside [D] by65. [A] engages [C] deliberates[B] intends [D] signifies66. [A] exceeded [C] assumed[B] multiplied [D] revealed67. [A] on [C] over[B] of [D] up68. [A] cost [C] expend[B] consume [D] charge69. [A] as for [C] such as[B] far from [D] by far70. [A] reliable [C] applicable[B] free [D] easy71. [A] resisted [C] acknowledged[B] certified [D] appealed72. [A] net [C] bet[B] kit [D] pit73. [A] evaluation [C] circulation[B] expansion [D] dimension74. [A] behind [C] before[B] against [D] within75. [A] If [C] Hence[B] While [D] Because76. [A] ascend [C] lengthen[B] announce [D] claim77. [A] contributes [C] maintains[B] disposes [D] encounters78. [A] like [C] from[B] beyond [D] through79. [A] heavy [C] rough[B] crude [D] serious80. [A] targeted [C] suffered[B] suspended [D] tolerated81. [A] asset [C] account[B] bill [D] loan大的美女編輯們Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.注意： 此部分試題請?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答，只需寫出譯文部分。82. There is no denying that you __________________________________ (越仔細(xì)越好) in dealing with this matter.83. Only when I reached my thirties _____________________________(我才意識(shí)到讀書是不能被忽視的).84. Much _________________________________(使研究人員感到驚訝), the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected.85. Oh, my, I can t find my key; ______________________________(我一定是把它忘在哪兒了).86. I ____________________________________________ (寧愿加入你們?nèi)プ隽x工) than go to the beach for a holiday.試題答案：Part ⅠWritingMy View on University RankingIn recent years, all kinds of University Ranking Lists can be found on some educational websites, or newspapers. The ranking standards also vary. These lists have great influence on students. They are even becoming the only scale to evaluate the colleges and universities.People hold different views toward this phenomenon. Some believe that these lists help the students a lot, especially for those who will choose their university. While some other protest vigorously. In their points, the list is really ridiculous and harmful. In my view, the university ranking may have its own reference values, but its disadvantages overweigh its values.For those university-students-to-be, they are supposed to choose the school according to his or her own situation, but not the so-called Ranking List. What s more, how about the university students? How do they feel about themselves when they see the ranking? The list may become some intangible shackles for them if their own school ranks poorly.In a nutshell, there is no easy method to rank these universities, but the Ranking, only helps students ignore the essentials, namely, their ninety-nine percent perspiration.此次六級(jí)作文的自由度很大，看似給出了提綱，實(shí)際上具體的觀點(diǎn)全靠個(gè)人發(fā)揮。第一段需要點(diǎn)明大學(xué)排名這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，第二段需要鋪陳不同人的觀點(diǎn)，第三段要陳述自己的觀點(diǎn)。大學(xué)排名這個(gè)題目，實(shí)際上涉及到了對了大學(xué)的理解，對于大學(xué)排名標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的理解，以及對于大學(xué)排名的目的的理解。而這件事更加離不開中國具體的國情，新中國50年代人至今受教育的情況，90后擇校的情況，目前大學(xué)的情況，考生發(fā)揮的空間可以縱橫數(shù)十年的教育史，并且可以深入探討教育的本質(zhì)。當(dāng)然，對于大多數(shù)考生來說，湊滿150個(gè)字萬歲！那么，模板又可以派上用場了。模板一1.Different people have different views on2. Some people perfer,3. Others tend to,4.As to me, I agree with / to(1)開門見山直入主體，表明對某事人們的不同看法。(2)表明一部分人的看法。(3)另一部分的看法。(4)作者的看法Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）1．A not be sustained in the long term解析：關(guān)鍵字1994對應(yīng)第一段第三行，題干中unsustainable即選項(xiàng)A中sustained的反義表達(dá)方式。選擇A。2．B Intergenerational conflicts will intensify.解析：從書名定位到原文第二段，heading for the rock, the cleaner, 都暗示了兩代人之間的問題，最后的warfare則一目了然地指出了該矛盾。3．D politicians are afraid of losing votes in the next election4．A allow people to work longer解析：從題干中the most effective method找到第五段第三句原話，直接選擇A選項(xiàng)。5．D younger workers are readily available解析：題目中employer為關(guān)鍵字，找到第六段，該段看似沒有直接提到為什么雇主不愿意雇傭old workers，但從其不斷分析新涌現(xiàn)出來的勞動(dòng)力替代者，可以總結(jié)的出D選項(xiàng)，即年輕勞動(dòng)力的供給已足以滿足企業(yè)需求。6．B large numbers of immigrants from overseas解析：這道題間接考察了學(xué)生變換思維的能力，Japan在文中一時(shí)難以找到，但其所代表的發(fā)達(dá)國家群體developed countries卻出現(xiàn)在了第七段，而該段恰恰揭示了發(fā)達(dá)國家靠移民勞動(dòng)力尋求養(yǎng)老機(jī)制危機(jī)一時(shí)的緩解的舉措。7．B They find it hard to balance career and family.解析：compromise關(guān)鍵字找到第九段，關(guān)鍵字出現(xiàn)的句子前一句就是B選項(xiàng)。8．be innovative and take risks than younger ones解析：題目中old societies關(guān)鍵字對應(yīng)到倒數(shù)第六段第三行，題目中的less inclined正好與原文中的more strongly disinclined形成對照，所以答案只需摘錄之后的原文即可，即take risks than younger ones.9．mostly have families解析：題目中關(guān)鍵字intergenerational warfare對應(yīng)到原文倒數(shù)第五段。第二句直接對第一句做出了解釋，摘錄即可。10．military service解析：要理解題目中l(wèi)ess willing to 的含義，即不情愿，這樣定位到倒數(shù)第三段第一句的reluctant， commit sth. to sth. ，空格內(nèi)需要填寫名詞，參照原文，即military service.Listening ComprehensionSection A11. What can we infer from the conversation?12. What is the woman eager to know?13. What does the man mean?14. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?15. What do we learn about the woman?16. What does the women want to do？17. Where does this conversation most probably take place?18. What does the man plan to do with his old house?19. What is the key to write a good classical detective story according to the man?20. What does the man mainly need when working on a book?21. What does the man say about writers?22. What does the woman say about British railways?23. What do some people who write to the man complain about?24. What does the man say threatens the existence of railways?25. What does the man say about railways in other countries?Section BPassage One難點(diǎn)詞匯：West Antarctic ice sheet西南極洲大冰原 ice shelf 冰架 anchored 固定的fossil 化石 microscopic marine plants 海洋微生物 geological 地質(zhì)的答案及解析：26. What is one of the most frightening threats of global warming according to the passage?細(xì)節(jié)題。本題不難，從聽力開頭即可聽到 raising sea level so much that coastal cities from New York to Los Angles to Shanghai will be flooded 所以選C選項(xiàng)。27. What do scientists disagree on?細(xì)節(jié)題。本題不難。注意關(guān)鍵句 but Antarctic experts disagree strongly on just how unstable it is 即可得出答案。28. What is the latest information revealed about the West Antarctic ice sheet?細(xì)節(jié)題。注意提取關(guān)鍵信息 new evidence reveals that all or most of the Antarctic ice sheet collapsed at least once during the past 1.3 million years 所以選A選項(xiàng)。29. What the scientists latest findings suggest?細(xì)節(jié)題。聽力最后的例子說明了這一點(diǎn) which suggest that the region was once open ocean not solid ice ， 而其他選項(xiàng)都不是最新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。Passage Two30 B）Whether a deleted photo is immediately removed from the web.31 B) The way they store data.32 C) When the URL is reused.Passage Three33. A解析：第一段原文可以找到對應(yīng)句子，即some iced coffees contain as many calories as a hot dinner.34. B解析：第一段原文中有對應(yīng)語句，即Better skip dinner or hit the gym afterwards.35. C解析：在此句中， The WCRF has estimated that 19,000 cancers a year in Britain could be prevented ，關(guān)鍵詞prevented可以得知答案為C選項(xiàng)。Section C36. diverse37. tragic38. commit39. outcome40. scale41. colleagues42. accurate43. averages45. Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them,46. went beyond the simple notion that hope is merely the sense that everything will turn out all right.47. Having hope means believing you have both the will and the way to accomplish your goals, whatever they may be.Reading Comprehension（Reading in Depth）Section A47.答案：feminine and weak解析：文中提到 because they believe that such feelings are feminine and imply weakness. 要填在to be后面就應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞形式。48.答案：lose composure解析：文中提到may lead to a loss of composure。要用在主語后面就要把loss變成動(dòng)詞lose。49.答案：stress-related disorders解析：文中提到can contribute to stress-related disorder。50.答案：their relationship with partners解析：文中提到 report lower relationship satisfaction as do their female partners.故這里要重新組合轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)形式。51.答案：aggressive解析：文中提到 into physically aggression or violence，而此處在become后就要用aggression的形容詞形式。Section BPassage One52) A solve virtually existing all problems細(xì)節(jié)題。抓住時(shí)間點(diǎn) In the early 2oth century 我們從第一句 offer solutions to almost every problem 便可知道答案。選擇A選項(xiàng)。53) D They realized that science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world.推論題。 我們首先比較容易排除A和C項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)具有迷惑性，關(guān)鍵是看 the stability of a society depended heavily on humanistic study 這個(gè)選項(xiàng)仔細(xì)看就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)說得太絕對了，社會(huì)的問題主要是靠人文主義的研究？顯然不是很恰當(dāng)。我們從下面那句也可以推斷出選D比較恰當(dāng)。 Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world.54) C America is lagging behind in the STEMS disciplines.55) A Insufficient funding.細(xì)節(jié)題。我們在第三段里可以找到答案。 從 are seriously underfunded Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members 這些信息中，可以很快知道是A選項(xiàng)。56) C Humanistic thinking helps cultivate and define our culture and values.細(xì)節(jié)題。本題不難。作者為什么如此著重人文主義的研究，其他三項(xiàng)都是非常具體的，且都不是重點(diǎn)。只有C選項(xiàng)符合。且我們從最后這一句 But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. 及作者的語氣可以更加確定是C選項(xiàng)。Passage Two57. D. It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges.58. B. His independent and abstract thinking59. D. They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits.60. D. Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories.解析：正確答案選擇D。結(jié)合Greene講的話，他說What an idea!還說是需要把頭往墻上撞的人才會(huì)相信能找到個(gè)解決方案呢！說明內(nèi)容實(shí)在是比較荒誕。61. B. was little known in academic circlesCloze62 B set out set out plans表示制定計(jì)劃63 D abandoning abandon 放棄，once unshakeable orthodoxy表示曾經(jīng)不可動(dòng)搖的做法，也就是現(xiàn)在要放棄了。64 A with struggle with表示同 斗爭，介詞搭配，這里表示設(shè)法應(yīng)對廣告收入和報(bào)紙銷售量下降的局面。65 B intends intend to表示打算 ,從后面的at the beginning of 2011，可知還沒有這么做，只是計(jì)劃或者打算這么做。67 A on 和side搭配，on the side of 表示擁護(hù) ；站在 一邊。69 C such as 表示舉例，從后面舉London"s Evening Standard作為例子，可知應(yīng)該選such as.70 B free 前面提到abandon readership revenue，即放棄讀者收益，由此可知應(yīng)該是make print editions free.71 C acknowledged 表示承認(rèn)，這里表示Arthur Sulzberger承認(rèn)這么做是一種賭博。72 C bet 打賭，賭注，從前面的gamble可知應(yīng)該選bet。73 C circulation 發(fā)行量，從后面的數(shù)量可知應(yīng)該選circulation。74 A behind NYT排名第三，即排在the Wall Street Journal and USA Today后面。75 B While while在這里表示對比，從上下文可知NYT與美國其他報(bào)紙不同。76 D claim 聲稱，宣稱，這里是說NYT聲稱自己是全國范圍的報(bào)紙。77 C maintains 維持，運(yùn)營，即NYT還在世界其他地方運(yùn)營著26個(gè)辦公室。78 A like 從下文可知NYT和印刷行業(yè)的其他公司一樣，也受到金融危機(jī)的影響，所以選like，表示同 一樣。79 D serious 嚴(yán)重的，考察形容詞與名詞的搭配，從下文的數(shù)據(jù)可知遭受嚴(yán)重經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。80 C suffered 遭受，suffer a loss遭受損失，常見搭配。81 D loan 貸款，前文提到公司損失了很多錢，所以需要從別處借錢來補(bǔ)充資金。Translation82. There is no denying that you ___________(越仔細(xì)越好) in dealing with this matter.解析：can never be too careful / can not be too careful83. Only when I reached my thirties __________________________ (我才意識(shí)到讀書是不能被忽視的)解析：did I realize that reading cannot be neglecteddid I realize that reading is unignorable84. Much ___________________ (使研究人員感到驚訝)，the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected.解析：to the researchers surprise85. Oh, my, I can t find my key; __________________________（我一定是把它放在哪兒了）。解析：I must have left / put it somewhere.86．I ________________________(寧愿加入你們?nèi)プ隽x工)than go to the beach for a holiday.解析：would rather join you as a volunteer
