2019解放軍文職招聘考試中藥學(xué)考試題庫：注射劑的特點(diǎn)及例題解析-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
2019解放軍文職招聘考試中藥學(xué)考試題庫：注射劑的特點(diǎn)及例題解析發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-2119:45:42注射劑具有以下特點(diǎn)：(1)藥效迅速，作用可靠;(2)適用于不宜口服給藥的藥物;(3)適用于能口服給藥的病人;(4)可使藥物發(fā)揮定位定向的局部作用。但是注射劑也存在不足之處。如注射給藥不方便且注射的時(shí)候會(huì)產(chǎn)生疼痛，由于注射劑是一類直接進(jìn)入體內(nèi)的制劑，所以質(zhì)量要求比其他劑型嚴(yán)格，使用不當(dāng)易發(fā)生危險(xiǎn)。應(yīng)根據(jù)醫(yī)囑由技術(shù)熟練的醫(yī)護(hù)人員進(jìn)行注射，以保證安全。含有熱源的注射劑，特別是輸液劑注入人體時(shí)，有30分鐘至90分鐘的潛伏期，然后就會(huì)出現(xiàn)發(fā)冷、寒顫、人體溫度升高、身痛、發(fā)汗等不良反應(yīng)。那么什么是熱源，熱源都具有什么性質(zhì)，下面我們來簡單的學(xué)習(xí)一下有關(guān)熱源的相關(guān)知識(shí)。1.首先來了解一下熱源的基本概念：熱源是指能引起恒溫動(dòng)物體溫異常升高的致熱物質(zhì)。大多數(shù)細(xì)菌都能產(chǎn)生熱源，致熱能力最強(qiáng)的是革蘭陰性桿菌，霉菌甚至病毒也能產(chǎn)生熱源。2.熱源的基本性質(zhì)：水溶性、不揮發(fā)性、耐熱性、濾過性、其他性質(zhì)。3.注射劑熱源的污染途徑：溶劑帶入、原輔料帶入、容器或用具帶入、制備過程帶入、使用過程帶入。4.除去注射劑中熱源的方法：吸附法、離子交換法、凝膠濾過法、超濾法、反滲透法、、高溫法、酸堿法等。在考試過程中熱源的性質(zhì)和除去的方法及注射劑的特點(diǎn)是?？嫉闹R(shí)?？碱}舉例：1.除去注射劑中熱原的方法包括()A.可用高溫法及酸堿法B.離子交換法C.凝膠濾過法D.超濾法2.以下選項(xiàng)中不屬于熱源的性質(zhì)的是()A.水溶性B.穩(wěn)定性C.耐熱性D.濾過性
2019解放軍文職招聘考試中藥學(xué)考試題庫：解表藥之發(fā)散風(fēng)寒藥-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
2019解放軍文職招聘考試中藥學(xué)考試題庫：解表藥之發(fā)散風(fēng)寒藥發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-2119:44:23在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中，我們多根據(jù)藥物名稱思考藥物功效，為了應(yīng)對(duì)各種各樣考試中的通過功效選擇藥物的逆向思維的考題，我們從功效到藥物的順序?qū)獗硭幍陌l(fā)散風(fēng)寒藥部分進(jìn)行梳理。凡以發(fā)散表邪、治療表證為主的藥物，稱為解表藥。而其中的發(fā)散風(fēng)寒藥，顧名思義，其主要針對(duì)的是外感風(fēng)寒。本類藥物性味多屬辛溫，辛以發(fā)散，溫可祛寒，故以發(fā)散肌表風(fēng)寒邪氣為主要作用。
解放軍文職招聘考試 英語國家概況試題庫-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-05-2110:44:29英語國家概況試題庫I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.Foreachunfinishedstatementorquestion,foursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheonethatyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion.Writetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceontheanswersheet.(10%)1.TheConstitutionoftheUnitedStateswasframedinPhiladelphiain_________.A.1776B.1783C.1787D.16202.IntheUnitedStates,theDepartmentof______advisesthePresidentonforeignrelations.A.DefenseB.StateC.CommerceD.Labor3.RepresentativesintheUnitesStatesareelected_________.A.annuallyB.everytwoyearsC.everythreeyearsD.everyfouryears4.Whichofthefollowinghasthepowertomakefederallawsandlevyfederaltaxes?A.TheexecutiveB.ThelegislativeC.ThejudicialD.Thepresident5.TheNewDealwasstartedby________.A.FranklinD.RooseveltB.J.F.KennedyC.GeorgeWashingtonD.ThomasJefferson6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTregardedasoneofthethreebasicreligiousbeliefs?A.ProtestantismB.CatholicismC.IslamD.Judaism7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapowerofthePresidentintheU.S.?A.TovetothebillspassedbytheCongressB.ToappointfederaljudgeswhenvacanciesoccurC.ToproposelegislationtotheCongressD.Tomakelaws8.ThefirstCatholicPresidentintheU.S.was_______.A.JohnF.KennedyB.GeorgeWashingtonC.AbrahamLincolnD.GeorgeW.Bush9.Duetohisfirmbeliefinnon-violentpeacefulprotestinthespiritofIndiasleaderGandhi,_______wasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizein1964.A.MalcolmXB.JohnF.KennedyC.MartinLutherKing,Jr.D.JamesFarmer10.In1972,U.S.President_____madeatriptoChinatoimproverelationswiththePeoplesRepublicofChina.A.CarterB.TrumanC.BushD.Nixon11.________weretheancestorsoftheEnglishandthefoundersofEngland.A.TheAnglo-SaxonsB.TheNormansC.TheDanishVikingsD.TheRomans12.________isthesmallestofthefourpartsofGreatBritain.A.EnglandB.WalesC.ScotlandD.NorthernIreland13.AllofthefollowingaremajornationalpartiesinGreatBritainexcept________.A.theConservativePartyB.theLabourPartyC.theLiberalDemocratsD.theRepublicanParty14.InBritain,avoteofnoconfidenceisdecidedby_________.A.theHouseofCommonsB.theHouseofLordsC.thetwomajorpartiesD.thePrimeMinister15.InBritain,thegreatmajorityofparentssendtheirchildrento___________.A.privateschoolsB.independentschoolsC.stateschoolsD.publicschools16.Throughtheexaminationcalledthe11plus,studentswithacademicpotentialgoto_____.A.grammarschoolsB.comprehensiveschoolsC.publicschoolsD.technicalschools17.WhichofthefollowingisnotinvolvedinmakingtheforeignpolicyinBritain?A.TheQueenB.TheForeignandCommonwealthOfficeC.ThePrimeMinisterandtheCabinetD.TheMinistryofDefenceandtheTreasury18.WhichgroupofpeopleCANNOTvoteinthegeneralelection?A.MembersintheHouseofCommonsB.LordsintheHouseofLordsC.TheUKcitizensabovetheageof18D.TheUKresidentcitizensoftheIrishRepublic19.Halloweeniscelebratedon__________.A.October31stB.November5thC.March17thD.December25th20.AllofthefollowingwasinventedinBritainexcept________.A.footballB.tennisC.basketballD.cricketII.Defineterms1.BillofRightsintheUnitedStates[TheBillofRightsconsistsofthefirsttenamendmentswhichwereaddedtotheConstitutionin1791.Itwaspassedtoguaranteefreedomandindividualrightssuchasfreedomofspeech,therighttoassembleinpublicplaces,therighttoownweaponsandsoon.]2.Judicialreview[JudicialreviewreferstothepoweroftheSupremeCourttodecidewhethercongressionallegislationorexecutiveactionviolatestheConstitution.]3.ThestrategyofpreemptioninU.S.foreignpolicy[ItisalsoknownastheBushDoctrine.InanaddressdeliveredtotheWestPointgraduates,PresidentBush,forthefirsttime,putforwardthestrategyofpreemption.Bypreemption,theUSmeansthatwhenitdeterminesthatacountrywhichisrepressiveandhostiletotheUShasacquiredorproducedweaponsofmassdestructionorhasthepotentialtohavesuchweapons,theUSshoulduseforcetoremovethisthreattoUSsecurityandshouldnotwaittillthedangerbecomesimminentoruntiltheUSisattacked.]4.TheHouseofLords[TheHouseofLordsconsistsoftheLordSpiritual,whoaretheArchbishopsandmostprominentbishopsoftheChurchofEngland;andtheLordsTemporal,whichreferstothoselordswhoeitherhaveinheritedtheseatfromtheirforefathersorhavebeenappointed.Thelordsmainlyrepresentthemselvesinsteadoftheinterestsofthepublic.]5.Comprehensiveschools(inBritain)[ComprehensiveschoolsarethemostpopularsecondaryschoolsinBritaintoday.Suchschoolsadmitchildrenwithoutreferencetotheiracademicabilitiesandprovideageneraleducation.Pupilscanstudyeverythingfromacademicsubjectslikeliteraturetomorepracticalsubjectslikecooking.]6.Constitutionalmonarchy(inBritain)[Constitutionalmonarchyisamonarchyinwhichthepowersoftherulerarerestrictedtothosegrantedundertheconstitutionandlawsofthenation.InBritain,theQueenistheofficialheadofstate,butherpowersarelargelytraditionalandsymbolic.Theconstitutionallocatestherestofthegovernmentspowertothelegislatureandjudiciary.]7.Federalism[Afederalsystemisoneinwhichpowerissharedbetweenacentralauthorityanditsconstituentparts,withsomerightsreservedtoeach.]8.Counterculture[InthewakeoftheFreeSpeechMovementandtheNewLeft,thereappearedaphenomenonthathistorianscalledthecounterculture.ItrejectedcapitalismandotherAmericanprinciples.Theyhadmoralsdifferentfromthosetaughtbytheirparents.Somegroupsofyouthtriedtoconstructdifferentwaysoflife.Amongthemostfamouswerethehippies.Theysoughtnewexperiencethroughdroppingoutanddrugtaking.Butitwasmusic,rockmusicinparticular,thatbecamethechiefvehicleforthecounterculturalassaultonthetraditionalAmericansociety.Thecountercultureexertedagreatinfluenceuponpeoplesattitudestowardsocialmorals,marriages,careerandsuccess.]9.AffirmativeAction[Itisaprogramthatseekstoredresspastdiscriminationthroughactivemeasurestoensureequalopportunity,asineducationandemployment.]10.Blues(music)[Bluesreferstoatypeofslow,sadmusicfromtheSouthernUS,fromthecityofNewOrleans.ItisderivedfromablendoffieldchanteyandspiritualaformofhymnsingingprevalentinAfricanAmericanChristianchurches.ThetraditionofthevocalballadusuallyaccompaniedbyaguitaralsocontributedtotheformofBlues.ThemusicoftheBlueshasapeculiar,poignantsadness.Thelyricsofthebluespiecesaresardonicfilledwithwry,self-deprecatinghumor.]11.Sep.11terroristattack[OnSeptember11,2001,terroristshijackedfourAmericanpassengerplanes,twosmashingintotheWorldTradeTowers,oneintothePentagon,andthefourthonesmashingintothefieldsinPennsylvaniaasaresultofthestrugglebythepassengers.3,000innocentliveswerelostintheterroristattacks.Thewholeworldwasshocked,andanti-terrorismbecameapriorityontheagendaofthemajorityofthecountriesallovertheworld.]12.TheHouseofCommons[TheHouseofCommonsistherealcenterofBritishpoliticallifebecauseitittheplacewhereabout650electedrepresentatives(MembersofParliament)makeanddebatepolicy.TheseMPsareelectedintheGeneralElectionsandshouldrepresenttheinterestsofthepeoplewhovoteforthem.]13.Grammarschools[ItisatypeofsecondaryschoolsinBritain.Grammarschoolsselectchildrenattheageof11throughanexaminationcalled11plus.Thosechildrenwiththehighestmarksgotogrammarschools,whichlayemphasisonadvancedacademicsubjectsratherthanthemoregeneralcurriculumofthecomprehensiveschoolsandexpectmanyoftheirpupilstogoontouniversities.]14.Puritanism[PuritanswerethosewhofollowedthedoctrineofJohnCalvinandwantedtopurifytheChurchofEngland.TheybelievethathumanbeingsarepredestinedbyGodbeforetheyareborn.SomeareGodschosenpeoplewhileothersaredamnedtohell.Neitherchurchnorgoodworkcansavepeople.ThesignofbeingGodselectissuccessinhisworkorprosperityinhiscalling.TheyalsoarguethateveryonemustreadtheBibleinordertofindGodswillandestablishadirectcontactwithGod.ThesebeliefshaveproducedagreatimpactuponAmericanculture.]15.NewDeal[TheNewDealreferstothedomesticreformprogramoftheadministrationofFranklinD.Roosevelt.Itisgenerallyconsideredtoconsistoftwophases.Inthefirstphase(19331934),attemptsweremadetoproviderecoveryandrelieffromtheGreatDepressionthroughprogramsofagriculturalandbusinessregulation,inflationandpricestabilization.Inthesecondphase(19351941),socialandeconomiclegislationwasprovidedtobenefitthemassofworkingpeople.]III.Answerquestionsbriefly.1.WhatarethefourbasicrequirementsforsecondaryschoolstudentswhowanttoapplyforarespecteduniversityintheUnitedStates?[FourrequirementsforuniversityapplicantsintheUnitedStates:highschoolrecords;recommendationsfromhighschoolteachers;impressionduringinterviewsbytheuniversity;scoresontheScholasticAptitudeTests.]2.Describebrieflythethree-tierednationalcourtsystemoftheU.S.[Americafederalcourtsystemconsistsofthreelevels:theSupremeCourt,federalcourtofappeal,andfederaldistrictcourt.]3.DescribethefourcategoriesofinstitutionswhichcomprisethesystemofhighereducationintheUnitedStates.[Americanhighereducationsystemiscomposedoffourcategories:theuniversitywhichcanconferbachelors,mastersanddoctoraldegrees;thefour-yearundergraduateinstitutions;thetechnicaltraininginstitution;andthetwo-yearcollegeorcommunitycollege.]4.ListtherolesofthemonarchyinBritaintoday.[Theroleofthemonarchtodayisprimarilyasymboloftraditionandtheunityofthestate.Besides,sheislegallytheheadoftheexecutive,anintegralpartofthelegislature,headofthejudiciary,commanderinchiefofthearmedforces,andsupremegovernoroftheChurchofEngland.ShealsoactsasadvisorofthePrimeMinister.]5.WhatfactorsplayanimportantroleinthecontemporaryforeignpolicyofUK?[Answer:ContemporaryforeignpolicyofUKisinfluencedmainlybythreefactors:itsimperialhistory,itsgeopoliticaltraits,anditsspecialrelationshipwiththeUnitedStates.]6.ItissaidthatBritishhistoryhasbeenahistoryofinvasions.Whatarethemajorinvasions?[ThemajorinvasionsinthehistoryofBritainincludetheRomaninvasionin43A.D.,theinvasionbytheAnglesandtheSaxons,theinvasionbytheVikingsfromScandinavia,andtheNormanConquest.]7.Illustratetheprincipleofchecksandbalanceswithexamples.[Itisaprincipleofgovernmentunderwhichseparatebranchesareempoweredtopreventactionsbyotherbranchesandareinducedtosharepower.Exampleofchecksandbalances:thepresidenthasthepowertovetobillsandsuggestbills;thejudgesareappointedbythepresident;theCongresscanimpeachthepresident;theSupremeCourthasthepowertodecidewhetheralawordirectiveisconstitutional(judicialreview).]8.WhatarethemajorfunctionsofBritishParliament?[ThefunctionsofBritishParliamentare:topasslaws;tovotefortaxation;toscrutinizegovernmentpolicy,administrationandexpenditure;andtodebatethemajorissuesoftheday.]9.WhatwerethemajorideasintheDeclarationofIndependence?[Thedocumentdeclaredthatallmenwereequalandthattheywereentitledtosomeunalienablerightssuchaslife,libertyandthepursuitofhappiness.Italsoexplainedthephilosophyofgovernment:thepowerofgovernmentcamefromtheconsentofthegovernedandthepurposeofgovernmentwastosecuretherightsmentionedabove.ThetheoryofpoliticsandtheguidingprinciplesoftheAmericanRevolutionmainlycamefromJohnLocke.]10.WhatarethepowersoftheUSpresident?[ThepresidentcanproposelegislationtoCongress.HecanvetoanybillpassedbyCongress.Butthevetocanbeoverriddenbyatwo-thirdsvoteinbothhouses.Thepresidentcanappointfederaljudgesasvacanciesoccur.Heisthecommander-in-chiefofthearmedforces.Hehasotherbroadauthoritiesinrunningdepartmentsandhandlingforeignrelations.]11.WhatarethetwomajorconcernsofmanyAmericansabouttheirpoliticalsystem?Why?[Oneconcernisaboutthehighcostofcampaigningforpublicoffice,whichmayforcecandidatestospendmoretimeraisingmoneythandealingwithimportantissues.Theotherconcernisabouttheinfluenceoftheorganizedinterestgroups,whichprovidemostofthemoneyforpoliticalcampaignsandthuspressurizethegovernmentofficialstomakepoliciesintheirfavor.]12.WhatarethemajorfeaturesofAmericanreligion?[Americanreligionischaracterizedbythreemajorfeatures.Oneistheharmoniousco-existenceofvariousreligions.Thesecondistheco-existenceofstrongreligiousbeliefsandsocialprogress.TheThirdisindependenceofchurchintermsoffinanceandbuilding,andlittleconcentrationondoctrineorreligiousargument.]IV.Comment.1.IsAmericanPresidentdirectlyelectedbythepeople?Givereasonstosupportyouridea.2.DescribetheproceduresofAmericanpresidentialelection.3.DiscussthefactorswhichhavecontributedtothespecialrelationshipbetweenBritainandtheUnitedStates.4.CommentontheCivilRightsMovementinthe1960sinAmerica.5.DiscussthestructureofBritishgovernmenttoday.6.DiscusstheracialproblemsbetweenblackandwhiteintheUnitedStates.7.HowdoestheUSConstitutiondividepoweramongthethreebranchesofgovernment?Howdothebranchescheckandbalanceeachother?8.MakeacomparisonandcontrastbetweenBritishgovernmentandAmericangovernment.9.AnalyzethemajorprinciplesofgovernmentintheConstitutionofU.S.
