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將已發(fā)表的漢語小說翻譯成少數(shù)民族文字作品是否要向原作者支付報酬？ - 行測知識

將已發(fā)表的漢語小說翻譯成少數(shù)民族文字作品是否要向原作者支付報酬？減小字體增大字體將已發(fā)表的漢語小說翻譯成少數(shù)民族文字作品是否要向原作者支付報酬？

答：不需要。因為，著作權(quán)法規(guī)定，合理的使用行為，可以不經(jīng)著作權(quán)人許可，不支付報酬，但應當注明作者姓名、作品名稱等。將已發(fā)表的漢語小說翻譯成少數(shù)民族文字作品屬于著作權(quán)法規(guī)定的合理行為，因此可以不經(jīng)著作權(quán)人許可和不支付報酬，但應當注明作者姓名、作品名稱等。

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發(fā)布時間：2017-05-21 16:11:391.意大利著名旅行家馬可。波羅曾這樣敘述他印象中的杭州： 這是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人覺得自己社在天堂。 在中國，也流傳著這樣的話： 上有天堂，下有蘇杭。 杭州的名氣主要在于風景如畫的西湖。西湖一年四季都美不勝收，宋代著名詩人蘇東坡用 淡妝濃抹總相宜 的詩句來贊譽西湖。在杭州，您可以飽覽西湖的秀色，也不妨漫步街頭鬧市，品嘗一下杭州的名菜名點，還可購上幾樣名特土產(chǎn)。The famous Italian traveler Marco Pole was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as the mist fascinating city in the world where one feels that one is in paradise. In China, there has been a century-old popular saying praising the city: In Heaven there is Paradise; on Earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou. Hangzhou s fame lies mainly in its picturesque West Lake. As it is beautiful all the year round, the West Lake was compared by Su Dongpo, a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty, to a beauty who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup. In Hangzhou, you will not only find the lake a perfect delight to the eye but also find it a joy to stroll along the busy streets, taste famous Hangzhou dishes and buy some special local products.2.在設備制造期間，雇主的代表有權(quán)對根據(jù)合同提供的全部工程設備的材料和工藝進行檢查、研究和檢驗，同時檢查其制造進度。這一切應在工作時間內(nèi)于承包商的工廠里進行。如果工程設備正在其它第三方工廠制造，承包商應為賣方代表獲得他能在該工廠進行此類檢查、研究和檢驗的許可。此類檢查、研究或檢驗不應解除承包商在合同中的任何義務。The Employer s representative shall be entitled during manufacture to inspect, examine and test the materials and workmanship and check the progress of manufacture of all Plants to be supplied under the Contract. This shall take place on the Contractor s promises during working hours. If the plant is being manufactured on other premises, the Contractor shall obtain permission for the Employer s representative to carry out such inspection, examination and testing on those premises.3. 雇主或項目經(jīng)理提交給承包商的雇主的圖紙，技術規(guī)格以及其它資料仍應為雇主的財產(chǎn)。除非是為了合同的需要，未經(jīng)雇主同意，承包商不得使用、復制這些材料或?qū)⒅畟鬟f給第三方。承包商應對承包商的圖紙中的任何錯誤或遺漏負責，除非他們可歸因與雇主或項目經(jīng)理提供的不正確的雇主圖紙或其它書面資料。項目經(jīng)理對承包商的圖紙的批準不應解除本款規(guī)定的承包商的任何責任。The Employer s drawings, specification and other information submitted by the Employer or the Project Manager to the Contractor shall remain the property of the Employer. They shall not, without the consent of the Employer, be used, copied or communicated to a third party by the Contractor unless necessary for the purposes of the Contract.The Contractor shall be responsible for any errors or omissions in the Contractor s Drawings unless they are due to incorrect Employer s Drawings or other written information supplied by the Employer or the Project Manager. Approval by the Project Manager of the Contractor s drawings shall not relieve the Contractor from any responsibility under this Sub-Clause.4.工程監(jiān)護：在工程開始后，但在完工移交前，已完工的工程及留在工地的材料、工具、設備等，均由乙方保管。除人力不能抵抗的災害外，乙方應對保管中的一切，負損害之全責。如遇不可抵抗的天災人禍，乙方應詳列損害實情，向甲方提出恢復原狀的價格及日期。以供甲方核對付款之用。若甲方?jīng)Q定不再繼續(xù)施工，按合同第10條規(guī)定結(jié)束。Custody of work:The completed work and the materials, tools, and equipment at site shall be under the custody of Party B after commencement and before completion and delivery of the work. Unless in the event of Force Majeure, Party B shall be fully responsible for any damage of the work under the custody of Party B. In case of Force Majeure, Party B shall give a list of damage according to the actual condition and suggest an expected price and date for recovery from such damage to Party A for checking and payment. Should Party A decide not to continue with the work, this contract shall be terminated according to article l0 hereof.5.上海外國語大學創(chuàng)建于1949年12月，是中國教育部直屬并與上海市共建、進入 211工程 的全國重點大學，是一所致力于培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)、復合型、多能力、國際化人才的多科性外國語大學，具有嚴謹?shù)男ｏL、教風、學風，在國內(nèi)外享有良好的聲譽。學?，F(xiàn)有虹口、松江兩個校區(qū)。虹口校區(qū)位于上海市中心，環(huán)境優(yōu)雅。松江校區(qū)位于上海松江新城，占地800多畝，環(huán)境優(yōu)美。學校擁有完備的大專、本科、研究生、成人教育、網(wǎng)絡教育、留學生等各級各類的教學體系和科研院所。設有26個本科專業(yè)，19個碩士點，9個二級學科博士點（英語語言文學、俄語語言文學、法語語言文學、德語語言文學、日語語言文學、阿拉伯語語言文學、翻譯學、國際關系、外國語言學及應用語言學），1個一級學科博士點（外國語言文學），1個博士后流動站（外國語言文學）， 1個國家級人文社科研究基地（中東研究所），1個國家級非通用語種本科人才培養(yǎng)基地（意大利語、葡萄牙語、希臘語），2個全國重點學科（英語、俄語），3個上海市重點學科（英語、俄語、阿拉伯語）。目前，全校共有研究生1100多名，本科生5300多名，?？粕?000多名，留學生900多名。Shanghai International Studies University (SISU), founded in December 1949, is a key university in China and one of the universities of Project 211 (Chinese government s endeavor aimed at strengthening about 100 institutions of higher education and key disciplinary areas as a national priority for the 21st century). Under the direction of the Ministry of Education of the People s Republic of China, SISU has been jointly nurtured by the Ministry of Education and the Municipality of Shanghai. The mission of SISU is to cultivate elites with multidisciplinary knowledge, multiple skills and international orientation. Having a long tradition of conscientious teaching and learning, SISU enjoys a good reputation home and abroad.Now, SISU has two campuses, an elegant one in Hongkou District and a picturesque 53.3-hectare one in Songjiang New District.SISU comprises colleges and departments that offer associate bachelor, bachelor and postgraduate programs, programs for adults, network programs and programs for international students, as well as several research institutes. SISU provides twenty-six bachelor programs, nineteen master programs, nine second-class Ph.D. programs (English Language Literature, Russian Language Literature, French Language Literature, German Language Literature, Japanese Language Literature, Arabic Language Literature, Translation, International Relations, and Foreign Linguistics Applied Linguistics), and one first-class Ph.D. programs (Foreign Languages Literature). Besides, the university has one postdoctoral center (Foreign Language Literature), one national research center of humanities social sciences (Middle East Research Institute), one undergraduate education base of non-universal languages (Italian, Portuguese and Greek), two national key programs (English and Russian), three Shanghai key programs (English, Russia and Arabic). SISU has a full-time enrolment of over 1100 postgraduate students, 5300 undergraduate students, 1000 college students, and 900 international students.6. 這次到臺灣訪問交流，雖然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，訪了舊友，交了新知，大家走到一起，談論的一個重要話題就是中華民族在21世紀的強盛。雖然祖國大陸、臺灣的青年生活在不同的社會環(huán)境中，有著各自不同的生活經(jīng)歷，但大家的內(nèi)心都深深銘刻著中華文化優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)的印記，都擁有著振興中華民族的共同理想。在世紀之交的偉大時代，我們的祖國正在走向繁榮富強，海峽兩岸人民也將加強交流，共同推進祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)的早日完成。世紀之交的寶貴機遇和巨大挑戰(zhàn)將青年推到了歷史前臺?？缡兰o青年一代應該用什么樣的姿態(tài)迎接充滿希望的新世紀，這是我們必須回答的問題。The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. Whenever people gather together, an important topic of discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts (environments / milieus), with their individually different experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the fine traditions of the Chinese culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation (They share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation). In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity and powerfulness. People across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen their exchanges and will mutually promote the earliest possible achievement of the great cause of reunification of the motherland. The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the foreground (forefront) of the historical arena (stage). At this transitional phase between the two millennia, in what way the young generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes is a question to which we have to seek an answer.7. 最令人觸目驚心的一件事，是看著鐘表上的秒針一下一下的移動，每移動一下就是表示我們的壽命已經(jīng)縮短了一部分。再看看墻上掛著的可以一張張撕下的日歷，每天撕下一張就是表示我們的壽命又縮短了一天。因為時間即生命。沒有人不愛惜他的生命，但很少人珍視他的時間。如果想在有生之年做一點什么事，學一點什么學問，充實自己，幫助別人，使生命成為有意義，不虛度此生，那么就不可浪費光陰。這道理人人都懂，可是很少人真能積極不懈的善為利用他的時間。我自己就是浪費了很多時間的一個人。我不打麻將，我不經(jīng)常聽戲，看電影，幾年中難得一次，我不長時間看電視，通常只看半個小時，我也不串門子閑聊天。有人問我： 那么你大部分時間都做了些什么呢？ 我痛自反省，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，除了職務上的必須及人情上所不能免的活動之外，我的時間大部分都浪費了。我應該集中精力，讀我所未讀過的書，我應該利用所有時間，寫我所要寫的東西。但是，我沒能這樣做，我的好多的時間都糊里糊涂地混過去了， 少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲 。It is most startling to hear a watch or clock clicking away the seconds, each click indicating the shortening of one s life by a little bit. Likewise, with each page torn off the wall calendar, one s life is shortened by another day. Time, therefore, is life. Nevertheless, few people treasure their time as much as their life. Time must not be wasted if you want to do your bit in your remaining years or acquire some useful knowledge to improve yourself and help others, so that your life may turn out to be significant and fruitful. All that is foolproof, yet few people really strive to make the best use of their time.Personally, I am also a fritterer. I don t play mahjong. I seldom go to the theatre or cinema------I go there maybe only once every few years. I seldom spend long hours watching TV-----usually I watch TV for no more than 30 minutes at a sitting. Nor do I go visiting and gossiping from door to door. Some people asked me, Then what do you do with most of your time? Introspecting with remorse, I found that apart from the time earmarked for my job and unavoidable social activities, most of my time had bee wasted. I should have concentrated my energies on reading whatever books I have not yet read. I should have utilized all my time in writing anything I want to write. But I ve failed to do so. Very much of my time has been fritted away aimlessly. As the saying goes, One who does not work hard in youth will grieve in vain in old age.8. 溫哥華（Vancouver）的輝煌是溫哥華人智慧和勤奮的結(jié)晶，其中包括多民族的貢獻。加拿大地廣人稀，國土面積比中國還大，人口卻不足3000萬。吸收外來移民，是加拿大長期奉行的國策?？梢哉f，加拿大除了印第安人外，無一不是外來移民，不同的只是時間長短而已。溫哥華則更是世界上屈指可數(shù)的多民族城市?，F(xiàn)今180萬溫哥華居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4個居民中就有一個是亞洲人。而25萬華人對溫哥華的經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型起著決定性的作用。他們其中有一半是近5年才來到溫哥華地區(qū)的，使溫哥華成為亞洲以外最大的中國人聚居地。The glory of Vancouver has been achieved through the wisdom and the industry of the Vancouver people, including the contributions of many ethnic groups. Canada, sparsely populated, has a territory larger than that of China, but its population is only less than 30 million. Consequently, to attracting immigrants from other countries has become a national policy long practiced /followed/cherished by Canada. All Canadians except the American Indians, so to speak, are foreign immigrants, differing only in the length of time they have settled in Canada. Vancouver, in particular, is one of the few most celebrated multi-ethnic cities in the world. Among the 1.8 million Vancouver residents, half of them are non-natives and one out of every four residents is from Asia. The 250,000 Chinese there have played a decisive role in the transformation of Vancouver"s economy. Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver over the past five years only, rendering Vancouver the largest area outside Asia where the Chinese inhabit.9. 你知道中國最有名的人是誰？提起此人，人人皆曉，處處聞名。他姓差，名不多，是各省各縣各村人氏。你一定見過他，一定聽過別人談起他。差不多先生的名字天天掛在大家的口頭，因為他是中國全國人的代表。差不多先生的相貌和你和我都差不多。他有一雙眼睛，但看的不很清楚；有兩只耳朵，但聽的不很分明；有鼻子和嘴，但他對于氣味和口味都不很講究。他的腦子也不小，但他的記性卻不很精明，他的思想也不很細密。他常常說： 凡事只要差不多，就好了。何必太精明呢？他小的時候，他媽叫他買紅糖，他買了白糖回來。他媽罵他，他搖搖頭說： 紅糖白糖不是差不多嗎？他在學堂的時候，先生問他： 直隸省的西邊是哪一個?。?他說是陜西。先生說： 錯了。是山西，不是陜西。 他說： 山西同陜西不是差不多嗎？Do you know who is the most well-known person in China?The name of this person is a household word all over the country. His surname is Cha and his given name, Buduo, which altogether mean About the Same . He is a native of every province, every country and every village in this country. You must have seen or heard about this person. His name is always on the lips of everybody because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation.Mr. Cha Buduo has the same physiognomy as you and I. he has a pair of eyes, but doesn t see clearly. He had a pair of ears, but doesn t hear well. He has a nose and a mouth, but lacks a keen sense of smell and taste. His brain is none too small, but he is weak in memory and sloppy in thinking.He often says, Whatever we do, it s OK to be just about right. What s the use of being precise and accurate?One day, when he was a child, his mother sent him out to buy her some brown sugar, but he returned with some white sugar instead. As his mother scolded him about it, he shook his head and said, Brown sugar or white sugar, aren t they about the same?One day in school, the teacher asked him, Which province borders Hebei on the west? He answered, Shaanxi. The teacher corrected him, You ate wrong. It s Shanxi, not Shaanxi. He retorted, Shaanxi or Shanxi, aren t they about the same?10. 招聘銷售助理責任：---根據(jù)總公司的指示負責管理本地的銷售活動。---為總公司收集相關的信息。---發(fā)展同本地媒體和用戶的良好關系。要求：---大學或以上學歷，英語良好(說寫能力強)。---具有銷售和營銷的基本理念，有相關經(jīng)驗者優(yōu)先。---必須有外資企業(yè)工作經(jīng)驗。---具有良好的溝通和表達技能。WantedMarketing AssistantResponsibility:---Responsible for the local management of marketing and sales activities according to the instruction from the head office.---Collect related information to the head office.---Requirements:---College degree and above with good English (speaking and writing).---Develop relationship with local media and customers.---With basic idea of sales and marketing, related experience is preferred.---Working experience in the international organization is a must.---Good communication and presentation skills.11.一直淚流滿面的猴子這只猴子沒有父母和親人，缺乏管教成了他最大的缺點。 當他日益強大的時候，這個缺點給了他終生難忘的教訓，他被一個叫釋迦的和尚用一座大山壓了五百年。我在一本名叫《西游記》的書里讀到關于這個猴子的故事。他后來被另一個姓唐的和尚救了，他被用來保護姓唐的和尚去取一本據(jù)說要經(jīng)過很多艱險才能取到的經(jīng)書。經(jīng)書當然取到了，而他據(jù)說也成了正果。這個故事具有很強的趣味性，幾乎欺騙了我整個童年。多年以后，我給我的孩子又講這只猴子的故事，講到他被救了之后，保護師父歷盡艱險去西天取經(jīng)。孩子忽然對我說： 孫悟空真可憐!我有些不解，問孩子為什么。孩子說，他干嗎要跟著一個什么都不會的笨師父去取一本不知道拿來做什么的破經(jīng)呢？他應該再大鬧天宮。那一夜，我整夜都不能入睡，黎明的時候，我似乎又看到那張小時候經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在夢中的臉，他當然還是一張猴臉。他淚流滿面。A Tearful MonkeyOnce upon a time, there was a monkey. Having no parents or any other blood relations, he had not had upbringing of any kind. When he became magically powerful and uncontrollably wild, this fatal weakness of his taught him the lesson of his life: He was held down close to the ground for 500 years by a big mountain brought to bear on him by a master BuddhaI read about this monkey in a novel entitled The Pilgrimage to the West. This monkey, the novel recounted, was released by a monk surnamed Tang, and was accepted by the latter as one of his disciples and escorts to accompany him on his adventure. After overcoming untold hardships and braving incredible dangers, the monk got the scriptures and the monkey became a Buddha too.This story is so interesting that it almost beguiled the whole of my childhood.Many, many years later, I started to amuse my kid with the same story. One day, when I came to the formidable ordeals the monkey underwent while performing his duty, my son suddenly murmured, Monkey King is really very pitiable!Surprised, I asked why. He replied, What s the point of accompanying a good-for-nothing master on his trip to get those worthless scriptures? He should have rebelled again.This answer kept me awake the whole of that night. As day was breaking, I seemed to see again the face which often appeared in my dream while I myself was a kid, the face of that monkey of course.The monkey is weeping!12. 現(xiàn)在有多少人會講英語呀！君不見多少人考中級、高級輕輕松送就可以過關， 可真正得了英語皮毛者，十能有幾呢？更不要提精通二字。所以還是奉勸那些準翻譯們，下筆之前要慎之又慎：告示牌的譯者雖不用署名，可有礙國體呀！What an increase nowadays in the number of our country-men who, as they claim, can speak the English language! Small wonder if you see so many people have passed their English test with so much ease at either intermediate or post-intermediate levels. Still, I have my doubt about the percentage of them who have really got even a smattering of essential English, not to say having a thorough command of the language. Thus I feel obliged to advise those pseudo-translators that they can never be too careful with checking and revising what they have rendered from Chinese into English before setting it to print. Even with the translation of announcements and notices, where the translator does not have to sign his name, a bad job would bring as much dishonor to the country as it would to the translator himself.13. 棲守道德者，寂寞一時；依阿權(quán)勢者，凄涼萬古。達人觀物外之物，思身后之身，寧受一時之寂寞，毋取萬古之凄涼。涉世淺，點染亦淺；歷事深, 機械亦深。 故君子與其練達， 不若樸魯；與其曲謹，不若疏狂。君子之心事，天青日白，不可使人不知；君子之才華，玉韞珠藏，不可使人易知。Those who preserve their moral integrity suffer only fleeting loneliness. But boundless misery is the lot of those who cling to the powerful. Those who aspire to the truth must fix their gaze on spiritual cultivation, which transcends material things. They must think of how their reputations will live on after them, and choose fleeting loneliness over boundless misery.A man with but slight experience of the world will likewise be only slightly stained with its impurities. A man well versed in the world and its ways will likewise be replete with tricks and treacheries. Therefore, it is better for the upright man to be careful to preserve the plainness of his inborn nature than to acquaint himself with the world and its denizens, and is also better for him to cast off all restraints than to yield for the sake of the overall benefit in matters of trifling importance.The heart of a man who cultivates virtue should be as clear as the blue sky and the broad daylight, so that others may never misunderstand it. But his talents should be carefully locked away like precious jewels, so that others may not lightly ascertain them.14. 秦陵的規(guī)模之宏偉，葬品之豐富， 在中國都是空前的。1974年，農(nóng)民因打井而發(fā)現(xiàn)的 秦始皇兵馬俑坑 ，更是它成為世界奇跡。秦俑坑呈現(xiàn)的兵馬軍陣，是秦始皇武裝力量的縮影，顯示了秦國的綜合國力。法國總統(tǒng)希拉克先生觀光后贊嘆道： 世界上有七大奇跡，現(xiàn)在要加上秦俑。不看金字塔，不算真正到過埃及；不看秦俑坑，不算真正到過中國。 我國 秦始皇兵馬俑 一經(jīng)展現(xiàn)，就引起全世界的震驚，被公認為世界 第八奇跡 。The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin had no precedent in the previous history of China in terms of the dimensions of a tomb and the quantity of buried treasures. The vaults containing the terracotta warriors and horses that were discovered by local farmers sinking wells in 1974 further established it as a marvelous spectacle in the world. This terracotta army in full battle array epitomized the military power of the Emperor and demonstrated the overall national strength of the Qin Reign. After visiting the vaults, the French President Hirac exclaimed in admiration, There used to be seven wonders in the world. Now the Qin terracotta figures should make the eighth. As no one can boast about his visit to Egypt without having seen the Pyramids, so no one can claim to have visited China without witnessing these terracotta figures. Now, immediately after they were unearthed, the Qin terra-cotta warriors and horses created a big stir worldwide and were soon recognized universally as the Eighth Wonder of the World.15. 社會和諧穩(wěn)定，百姓安居樂業(yè)，是廣大人民的共同愿望，也是政府工作的重要任務。今年要認真貫徹黨的十六屆六中全會精神，采取更加有力的舉措，在構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會方面邁出重要步伐。我們要大力開展經(jīng)貿(mào)、科技、文化、教育、體育等領域的對外交往與合作，增進同世界各國人民的了解和友誼，樹立中國和平、民主、文明、進步的形象，維護我國公民和法人在海外的合法權(quán)益，尊重和依法保護其他國家公民在中國的合法權(quán)益。Social harmony and stability as well as a better life are the aspirations of all the people and an important goal for the work of the government. This year, we must conscientiously follow the guiding principles set out at the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixteenth CPC Central Committee, adopt more effective measures and make major strides in building a harmonious socialist society.We will vigorously develop exchanges and cooperation with other countries in the fields of the economy, trade, science, technology, culture, education and sports, increase understanding and friendship between our peoples, develop the image of China as a peaceful, democratic, culturally advanced and progressive country, safeguard the lawful rights and interests of Chinese nationals and corporations overseas, and respect and protect the lawful rights and interests of foreign nationals in China in accordance with the law.